Bipolar disorder is a mental illness characterized by extreme mood swings that affects 2.6%, or 5 million, people in the U.S.
There are two extremes of bipolar disorder: mania and depression. Symptoms tend to appear during the late teens or early adult years. Occasionally, symptoms can present themselves in early childhood years, too. A family history of bipolar disorder can contribute to an individual developing and showing signs of the condition, as bipolar can be genetic.
While bipolar disorder can be challenging to diagnose, identifying symptoms is the first step in finding proper treatment. Here are some symptoms of mania, and of depression to look for.
1. Mania
There are a number of symptoms caused by mania, but these are the seven key signs to look for to help identify bipolar disorder:
- Feeling happy or “high” for long periods of time
- A decreased need for sleep
- Feeling restless or impulsive
- Becoming easily distracted
- Racing thoughts that results in fast talking
- Overconfidence in one’s abilities
- Engaging in risky behavior
During a manic episode, it is common to feel invincible and make reckless decisions. Since people with bipolar disorder may get little sleep, they can also become easily agitated.
Psychotic symptoms of a manic phase can include delusions and hallucinations.
2. Depression
On the other spectrum of bipolar disorder are depressive episodes. These phases are the opposite of mania, and can include feeling sad, tired, hopeless or slow. Like mania, depression can cause other symptoms, but these are seven key signs of depression due to bipolar disorder:
- Feeling sad or hopeless for long periods of time
- Withdrawing from social circles
- Losing interest in activities
- A significant change in appetite
- Feeling severe fatigue or lack of energy
- Problems with memory, concentration and decision-making
- Thinking about or attempting suicide
3. Bipolar Treatment
After these signs have been identified and an individual has received a bipolar diagnosis, there are a few different types of treatments available. It’s important to speak to a clinician to determine which treatment program may work best. Treatment for bipolar disorder may include medication, cognitive behavioral therapy and light therapy. Light therapy, which is often used to help individuals with seasonal affective disorder, is also a treatment option for bipolar disorder.
The Genomind Pharmacogenetic (PGx) Test may help clinicians determine the best treatment plan for individuals with bipolar disorder. The Assay is a genetic test performed by a cheek swab that looks at key genes in the DNA that can affect how individuals respond to treatment for bipolar disorder. It identifies patient-specific genetic markers that can indicate to clinicians which treatments are likely to work as intended, have no effect, or cause adverse effects.
By taking note of manic or depression symptoms in yourself or a loved one and discussing them with a clinician, you are taking the first step to better mental health.
Learn more about the signs of bipolar disorder here.